Thomas_More
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Royalty’s roots lay in feudalism, but we see that the monarchical absolutism which had repressed its own feudal class in favour of centralised state building and to the advantage of the bourgeoisie prepared its own eventual demise. We see the centralised nation-state being constructed before the bourgeoisie capture state power. It is then consolidated by them after they stage their national revolutions and overthrow the autocracies. But it is those autocratic monarchies that have established the nation-state, which the capitalist class take over and which they make the unit of their control in each land.
Henry VII in England achieves what Louis XI in France had failed to do. The Tudors consolidate the work. The French monarchy resumes the repression of the feudals after Henri IV establishes the Bourbon dynasty and Richelieu and Mazarin complete the centralisation of state power while, in England, the bourgeoisie take control of it (after a remaining political skirmish with the annoying Stuarts).
Germany:
Meanwhile, British army taking part in scenario imagining “defending” Estonia in 2030.
Side by side with a general blasé attitude toward the imminent use of the world’s nuclear arsenals goes, in the UK and Europe, the idea that war with Russia could be “fought” – as though we were in the 1940s. Were Estonia under attack, millions of Europeans across the continent will already be incinerated before you can say the four syllables in “Estonia”!
Birds who sew, using spider webs.
Huxley’s The Devils of Loudun focuses on a milestone in the emergence of the centralised state. Loudun’s priest found himself in the midst of it, and sealed his fate by opposing the demolition of the town’s fortifications. The rest was an excuse to get rid of him as an embarrassing obstacle to “progress.”
The chapter “Red Flag at Bordeaux” in H.N. Brailsford’s “The Levellers & the English Revolution” provides a précis of the Fronde.
https://tass.com/politics/2133403
Tass: Lithuanian calls on NATO to strike Kaliningrad.
https://tass.com/politics/2132889
Ukraine to launch drones from Latvia, claims.
Counter-claim:
https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2026/05/19/russias-spy-agency-claims-ukraine-plans-to-launch-drone-attacks-from-latvia-a92787Head-on conflict between Russia and NATO is on way, claim:
To return to the main topic and my post on the Fronde. In both France and in England we see capitalist developments creating the centralised state (I won’t use the term ‘nation’ state) before the bourgeoisie has broken free and seized political power for itself. The monarch in both France and in England holds the monopoly in trade. In France he holds in subjection both nobility and bourgeoisie. The Fronde is reaction, opposing state centralisation. In England there is no feudal nobility left; only the bourgeoisie, split between those whose interests lie with the king and those who strive to be free of him.
