Thomas_More
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For a time, I believe, it was a toss-up between which would triumph: Christianity or Mithraism.
Tendencies now typical of classic Christianity were already growing within Hellenism (“paganism”), such as the valuing of celibacy and virginity as superior to marriage.
The anti-Christian Emperor Julian chose celibacy after once being married. He was a neo-Platonist, which was extremely popular among the ruling class. Hellenists had their own “Jesus”, the wandering preacher Apollonius of Tyana, who visited India.When Christians were fighting among themselves and different Christian factions alternately had control of the state, celibacy ensured ecclesiastical power, since only monks could become bishops. This was betimes enforced by violence, and monks would invade the towns to punish the secular clergy’s recalcitrance.
Yes. But Spartacus’ revolt is well documented.
Or was that a name put about by the slaves in revolt to frighten the Roman state? No one met Spartacus. Was he a collective name?Protestant (but not Anabaptist or Catholic) Christianity has always blamed the poor for being poor – especially Calvinism, the favourite choice for the bourgeoisie in the early modern period.
You may be right.
” Ancient Greek has two verbs for crucify: anastauroo (ἀνασταυρόω), from stauros (which in modern Greek only means “cross” but which in antiquity was used of any kind of wooden pole, pointed or blunt, bare or with attachments) and apotumpanizo (ἀποτυμπανίζω) “crucify on a plank”,[4] together with anaskolopizo (ἀνασκολοπίζω “impale”). In earlier pre-Roman Greek texts anastauro usually means “impale”.[5][6][7]
The Greek used in the Christian New Testament uses four verbs, three of them based upon stauros (σταυρός), usually translated “cross”. The most common term is stauroo (σταυρόω), “to crucify”, occurring 46 times; sustauroo (συσταυρόω), “to crucify with” or “alongside” occurs five times, while anastauroo (ἀνασταυρόω), “to crucify again” occurs only once at the Epistle to the Hebrews 6:6. Prospegnumi (προσπήγνυμι), “to fix or fasten to, impale, crucify” occurs only once, at the Acts of the Apostles 2:23.
The English term cross derives from the Latin word crux,[8] which classically referred to a tree or any construction of wood used to hang criminals as a form of execution. The term later came to refer specifically to a cross.[9] The related term crucifix derives from the Latin crucifixus or cruci fixus, past participle passive of crucifigere or cruci figere, meaning “to crucify” or “to fasten to a cross”.[10][11][12][13]”
The cross was not originally used by the early Christians as their emblem. There are no crucifixion images, I believe, in the catacombs of Rome, and Jesus is portrayed as a mischievous clean-shaven boy. The Christian emblem was not a cross but a fish.
The bearded Christ came later and was based on images of Zeus.
” ( although the roman did not use cross )”
Are you sure? So Spartacus wasn’t crucified?
I don’t believe that. To crucify comes from crux (cross).
An Egyptian I knew in Switzerland told me that when he went to renew his visa to the U.S., he was asked what political parties he belonged to. When he replied that he didn’t belong to any, he was told to list all the political parties he didn’t belong to!!!
Christopher Hill’s The English Bible is an excellent historical materialist history of the English Bible.
