Trump as president again?
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Japan put a motion to the League of Nations in the 1920s to outlaw the bombing of civilians in wartime, but Britain vetoed it.
The German feudal princes adopted Luther and put a spanner in the development of state centralisation, which had the effect of fossilizing Germany, just as the East was fossilized re: the development of capitalism. Germany was to miss out on the colonial game and on industrial growth until Bismarck united the Reich. This resulted in Germany needing to try and expand, and Hitler was correct in identifying Britain as the main power suffocating German capitalist aspirations.
Catholic power wasn’t always the reactionary force in Europe. It worked to centralise state power in France via Gallicanism, and in Germany, via the Emperor, it tried to, but was scuppered by the Lutheran princes.Now, Calvinism, on the other hand, was a merchants’ creed, and was revolutionary. There would even be, for a time, Catholic Calvinists, called Jansenists.
The Catholic Counter Reformation was a revolutionary phenomenon, whereas Lutheranism was reactionary.
Lutheran protestantism was also embraced by Hungarian and other central European nobles asserting feudal rights against the Hapsburgs.Japan put a motion to the League of Nations in the 1920s to outlaw the bombing of civilians in wartime, but Britain vetoed it.
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And the left-wingers are saying that Japan was fascist, it was a military autocratic establishment, and now they are saying that the new right-wing government of Japan is fascist; they are associating right-wingers with fascism, but they are supporting the autocratic government of North Korea and Iran.Right and left are two wings of the same bird, known as capitalism
The Allies used all the biological and chemical experiments developed by the Japanese military, and the Allies took with them many Nazis scientists to continue their scientific military development used after World War II2 including the soviets.
The US knew the location of several nazis general in Argentina, but they did not face Nuremberg, because those German generals also knew that several nazis were used by NATO
A friend of the family was a French war correspondent during World War II, and he said that journalists were not a direct target of the Nazis; most journalists were accidentally killed, and now journalists are a direct target.
The US prohibited the reading of Marx and Engels’ works, and it was a crime; libraries and schools had to remove and burn their works.
Therefore, the Nazis are not the only ones who banned and burned books; the nationalists christians are doing the same acts by eliminating all scientific books, books that none of them has read, and will not read
The Nazis also instituted far more protections for nonhuman animals than any other modern nation-state has done.
‘Truly Insane’: Pentagon Threatened Pope After He Condemned Trump’s Military Attacks
The US “has the military power to do whatever it wants in the world,” a top official told the Vatican’s US representative. “The Catholic Church had better take its side.”TM – You contend that Calvin was a revolutionary and that Luther was a reactionary but without Luther kick-starting the Reformation Calvin would not have existed. His work was based originally on Luther’s and, of course, once the Reformation kicked in he wasn’t burned as a heretic immediately as there were places to hide.
TM – The German feudal princes adopted Luther and put a spanner in the development of state centralisation,…’
Well it had the opposite effect in England as the Tudors centralized the state using Protestantism as an ideology to confront the Pope and Catholic hegemony. Wasn’t it the same in Germany in the long run? Didn’t the princes independence have a role to play in the formation of nation states once Bismark reluctantly helped to unite them as Germany?Luther may have kickstarted the Reformation, but he didn’t represent the bourgeoisie and welcomed the protection of the feudals.
Lutheranism wasn’t very different from Catholicism in ritual; it was the followers of Calvin, who came to include John Knox and the Puritans in England, who really made their churches home to the merchant class, doing away altogether with not only the rites of the Catholic Church, but with any regard for the poor and dispossessed, making poverty a sin and financial prosperity the highest, sacred, virtue.The Tudors never adopted Lutheranism. Protestants were burned by Henry VIII, who was never a Protestant. The protestantism allowed in by Edward VI and consolidated by Elizabeth I was Calvinist. The Low Church in Anglicanism is Calvinist, and that’s where the Puritans emerged from.
The victory of the German feudals delayed capitalist development in Germany. This development was boosted by the Kings of Prussia, esp Frederick the Great in the 18th century. It was under the aegis of the Prussian monarchy, the Kaisers, who were both Kings of Prussia and Emperors of Germany, that Bismarck united the principalities into the nation-state. Nothing to do with Lutheranism.
Evangelical Christianity is Calvinist. Trump’s Church of Prosperity espouses the Calvinist view in championing capital and big business. American Christianity is Calvinist, as the Mayflower “Pilgrims” were.
Google: ” England never officially adopted Lutheranism as its state religion, although Lutheran ideas and theology had a significant, albeit limited, influence on the early English Reformation. While the Church of England broke with Rome under Henry VIII, the resulting Anglicanism was a distinct, often political, structure that did not fully embrace the theological principles of Martin Luther.
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Key Reasons Lutheranism Was Not Adopted
Political vs. Theological Reformation: The English Reformation was initiated by Henry VIII for political reasons (securing a divorce) rather than theological convictions like those driving the German Lutheran movements.
Henry VIII’s Conservatism: Henry VIII considered himself a traditional Catholic and personally attacked Martin Luther in his 1521 publication Assertio Septem Sacramentorum, earning the title “Defender of the Faith” from the Pope.
Deviation from Lutheran Doctrine: The Church of England never officially accepted the core Lutheran confessional documents, such as the Augsburg Confession, and retained more elements of medieval Catholic structure (like bishops).
Shift to Reformed/Calvinist Ideas: Following Henry VIII, the English church moved toward Reformed (Calvinist) theology, particularly during the reign of Edward VI, which differed significantly from Luther’s views on the Eucharist.”
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